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Business and Economics Formula Sheet Worksheet Generator

A printable of the formulas used by the Business and Economics tools. No AI, no credits.

Grades 8 – 12No account needed

A static printable of the formulas used by the Business and Economics tools, with the conventions stated. No AI, so it never uses a generation credit.

What students practice

  • Business
  • Reference
  • Formulas

Live sample sheet

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Business and Economics Formula Sheet

Break-even

Contribution per unitSelling price - Variable cost per unit
Break-even unitsFixed costs / Contribution per unit
Break-even revenueBreak-even units × Selling price
Margin of safetyActual sales - Break-even sales
Margin of safety (%)(Margin of safety / Actual sales) × 100

Financial ratios

Gross profit margin(Gross profit / Revenue) × 100
Net profit margin(Net profit / Revenue) × 100
ROCE(Net profit / Capital employed) × 100
Capital employedEquity + Long-term debt
Current ratioCurrent assets / Current liabilities
Acid-test ratio(Current assets - Inventory) / Current liabilities
Gearing(Long-term debt / (Equity + Long-term debt)) × 100
Inventory turnoverCOGS / Average inventory

Investment appraisal

Payback periodYears to recover the initial investment
Average rate of return (ARR)(Average annual profit / Average investment) × 100
Average investment(Initial cost + Scrap value) / 2
NPVSum of discounted cash flows - Initial investment
Discount factor1 / (1 + r)^n

Supply and demand

EquilibriumSet Qd = Qs, solve for P
Price elasticity of demand (PED)(% change in Qd) / (% change in P)
Income elasticity of demand(% change in Qd) / (% change in income)
Cross elasticity of demand(% change in Qa) / (% change in Pb)
Consumer surplus0.5 × (Max price - Equilibrium price) × Equilibrium quantity
Producer surplus0.5 × (Equilibrium price - Min price) × Equilibrium quantity

Personal finance

Simple interestI = P × r × t
Compound interestA = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Loan paymentPMT = P × r / (1 - (1 + r)^-n)
Percent change(New - Old) / Old × 100
DiscountOriginal price × Discount rate
Sales taxPrice × Tax rate
Reference formulas. No AI, no credits. Made with TeachSpark.

No account needed.

Frequently asked questions

Do students need an account to use the Business and Economics Formula Sheet?

No. Students never need an account. They open a shared link or join with a code.

Can I print the Business and Economics Formula Sheet without signing up?

Yes. This tool computes answers by code, so you can generate, preview and print worksheet without an account. A free account adds saving and student links.

How are the answers computed?

Every answer is computed by code and verified by a second independent method. No AI is used.

What grades is the Business and Economics Formula Sheet for?

This tool fits Grades 8 – 12.

Related tools in Business and Economics Studio

Break-Even Analysis

Fixed and variable costs, contribution per unit, break-even units and revenue. No AI, no credits.

Financial Ratios

Income statement and balance sheet with margins, ROCE, current and acid-test ratios. No AI, no credits.

Investment Appraisal

Payback period, average rate of return and net present value. No AI, no credits.

Supply, Demand and Elasticity

Schedules, graphs, equilibrium, shifts, elasticity and surplus. No AI, no credits.

Personal Finance

Simple and compound interest, loan payments, amortization, budgets and savings goals. No AI, no credits.

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Business and Economics Formula Sheet

Break-even

Contribution per unitSelling price - Variable cost per unit
Break-even unitsFixed costs / Contribution per unit
Break-even revenueBreak-even units × Selling price
Margin of safetyActual sales - Break-even sales
Margin of safety (%)(Margin of safety / Actual sales) × 100

Financial ratios

Gross profit margin(Gross profit / Revenue) × 100
Net profit margin(Net profit / Revenue) × 100
ROCE(Net profit / Capital employed) × 100
Capital employedEquity + Long-term debt
Current ratioCurrent assets / Current liabilities
Acid-test ratio(Current assets - Inventory) / Current liabilities
Gearing(Long-term debt / (Equity + Long-term debt)) × 100
Inventory turnoverCOGS / Average inventory

Investment appraisal

Payback periodYears to recover the initial investment
Average rate of return (ARR)(Average annual profit / Average investment) × 100
Average investment(Initial cost + Scrap value) / 2
NPVSum of discounted cash flows - Initial investment
Discount factor1 / (1 + r)^n

Supply and demand

EquilibriumSet Qd = Qs, solve for P
Price elasticity of demand (PED)(% change in Qd) / (% change in P)
Income elasticity of demand(% change in Qd) / (% change in income)
Cross elasticity of demand(% change in Qa) / (% change in Pb)
Consumer surplus0.5 × (Max price - Equilibrium price) × Equilibrium quantity
Producer surplus0.5 × (Equilibrium price - Min price) × Equilibrium quantity

Personal finance

Simple interestI = P × r × t
Compound interestA = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Loan paymentPMT = P × r / (1 - (1 + r)^-n)
Percent change(New - Old) / Old × 100
DiscountOriginal price × Discount rate
Sales taxPrice × Tax rate
Reference formulas. No AI, no credits. Made with TeachSpark.
StudiosBusiness and Economicsformula-sheet My library · free account

Business and Economics Formula Sheet

All formulas used by the Business and Economics tools. No AI, no credits.

Options

This formula sheet is ready to print. It includes all formulas for break-even, financial ratios, investment appraisal, supply and demand, and personal finance.

Reference formulas

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My library · free account

Teach this topic another way

Business and Economics Formula Sheet

Break-even

Contribution per unitSelling price - Variable cost per unit
Break-even unitsFixed costs / Contribution per unit
Break-even revenueBreak-even units × Selling price
Margin of safetyActual sales - Break-even sales
Margin of safety (%)(Margin of safety / Actual sales) × 100

Financial ratios

Gross profit margin(Gross profit / Revenue) × 100
Net profit margin(Net profit / Revenue) × 100
ROCE(Net profit / Capital employed) × 100
Capital employedEquity + Long-term debt
Current ratioCurrent assets / Current liabilities
Acid-test ratio(Current assets - Inventory) / Current liabilities
Gearing(Long-term debt / (Equity + Long-term debt)) × 100
Inventory turnoverCOGS / Average inventory

Investment appraisal

Payback periodYears to recover the initial investment
Average rate of return (ARR)(Average annual profit / Average investment) × 100
Average investment(Initial cost + Scrap value) / 2
NPVSum of discounted cash flows - Initial investment
Discount factor1 / (1 + r)^n

Supply and demand

EquilibriumSet Qd = Qs, solve for P
Price elasticity of demand (PED)(% change in Qd) / (% change in P)
Income elasticity of demand(% change in Qd) / (% change in income)
Cross elasticity of demand(% change in Qa) / (% change in Pb)
Consumer surplus0.5 × (Max price - Equilibrium price) × Equilibrium quantity
Producer surplus0.5 × (Equilibrium price - Min price) × Equilibrium quantity

Personal finance

Simple interestI = P × r × t
Compound interestA = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Loan paymentPMT = P × r / (1 - (1 + r)^-n)
Percent change(New - Old) / Old × 100
DiscountOriginal price × Discount rate
Sales taxPrice × Tax rate
Reference formulas. No AI, no credits. Made with TeachSpark.

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